The Current Situation of Water Pollution: The Alarming Crisis of Water Resources
(A) Industrial pollution rampage
Industrial wastewater discharge is one of the main sources of water pollution. In the chemical, printing and dyeing, electroplating and other industries, a large number of wastewater containing heavy metals (such as mercury, cadmium, lead, etc.), organic pollutants (such as benzene, phenols, etc.) is discharged into the water body without effective treatment. These pollutants are highly toxic and difficult to degrade, and their accumulation in water not only deals a fatal blow to aquatic organisms, but also ultimately threatens human health through the transmission of the food chain. For example, some rivers have been polluted by industry for a long time, and the water has become turbid, with a large number of fish dying and the surrounding ecosystem being seriously damaged.
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(ii) The hidden danger of agricultural surface pollution
Excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides in agricultural production and improper handling of livestock and poultry waste, also laid a hidden danger for water pollution. A large amount of chemical fertilizers flow into rivers and lakes with the rain, leading to eutrophication of the water body, triggering the proliferation of algae and the formation of the phenomenon of water bloom. The bloom will consume the oxygen in the water, deteriorating the water quality and affecting the survival of aquatic organisms. At the same time, pesticide residues and pathogens in livestock and poultry feces can also pollute water sources, posing a threat to the safety of drinking water for neighboring residents.
(iii) Trouble with domestic sewage
With the growth of population and the acceleration of urbanization, the discharge of domestic sewage has increased dramatically. Domestic sewage contains a large amount of organic matter, detergent residues, pathogens and so on. In some areas with imperfect infrastructure, domestic sewage is directly discharged into natural water bodies, becoming a hotbed for the spread of various diseases, seriously affecting public health and ecological environment.